Mutual Aid: Book Guide, Author and Facts
Mutual Aid by Peter Kropotkin: plot, author, genre and where to read, in one evergreen guide.
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 collection of anthropological essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin. The essays, initially published in the English periodical The Nineteenth Century between 1890 and 1896, explore the role of mutually-beneficial cooperation and reciprocity (or "mutual aid") in the animal kingdom and human societies both past and present. It is an argument against theories of social Darwinism that emphasize competition and survival of the fittest, and against the romantic depictions by writers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who thought that cooperation was motivated by universal love. Instead Kropotkin argues that mutual aid has pragmatic advantages for the survival of human and animal communities and, along with the conscience, has been promoted through natural selection.
Quick facts about Mutual Aid
- Title: Mutual Aid
- Author: Peter Kropotkin
- First published: 1891
- Genre: social institutions, cooperation, social groups
- OpenLibrary ID: OL1105375W
Where to read Mutual Aid
Mutual Aid by Peter Kropotkin is widely available in print, ebook and audiobook editions from major retailers and libraries.
Compiled from public OpenLibrary data. Availability and details can change over time.
Frequently asked questions
What is Mutual Aid about?
**Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution** is a 1902 collection of anthropological essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin.
Who wrote Mutual Aid?
Mutual Aid was written by Peter Kropotkin.
When was Mutual Aid published?
Mutual Aid was first published in 1891.
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