Cinematography: Shot Sizes: An Open Learning Guide

The shot size refers to the amount of the setting or subject that is visible within a specific frame of a video, photograph, or animation. It determines the scope or size of the shot. In film or video production, various types of camera shots are utilized to convey different aspects of the narrative, and these shots are later combined in post-production to construct a compelling story. Filmmakers commonly use standardized names for shot sizes, often represented by abbreviated forms of 2 or 3 letters on a shot list or storyboard. For instance, a close-up shot may be shortened to "CU", while a wide shot is indicated as "WS".

An Extreme Long Shot (ELS) or Extreme Wide Shot (EWS) is a powerful camera shot that portrays the subject as a tiny figure in comparison to its surroundings. This shot captures an expansive view of the location, making the subject appear small, distant, and sometimes even insignificant in the grand scheme of things. The ELS or EWS can evoke a sense of vastness and scale, emphasizing the location and isolation of the subject.

Emphasizing Location: The primary purpose of employing an ELS or EWS is to accentuate the setting or location where the scene takes place. By showcasing the subject in relation to the vast environment, the shot conveys the significance of the surroundings in shaping the narrative. Whether it's a majestic landscape, a bustling cityscape, or an eerie wilderness, this shot allows the audience to fully appreciate the context in which the events unfold.

Creating Distance and Unfamiliarity: An ELS or EWS is particularly useful when you want to establish emotional or physical distance between the subject and the audience. By visually separating the subject from the viewer, the shot can evoke a sense of detachment or unfamiliarity. This distancing effect can be used to enhance mystery, curiosity, or even a sense of isolation experienced by the characters within the story.

Conveying Overwhelm: In certain situations, an ELS or EWS can be employed to convey a feeling of overwhelm or powerlessness. Placing the subject amidst an expansive and dominating environment can make them appear small and insignificant, heightening the stakes and challenges they face. This technique is especially effective in portraying the struggle of characters against the forces of nature or overwhelming circumstances.

A Long Shot (LS), also commonly referred to as a Wide Shot (WS), is a fundamental camera shot in filmmaking that captures a wide view of the scene, encompassing both the subject and a significant portion of the surrounding environment. This shot provides context, establishes the setting, and showcases the subject in relation to its surroundings. By revealing the subject's position within the larger frame, a Long Shot or Wide Shot offers the audience a comprehensive view of the location and the characters' interactions within it.

Establishing the Scene: Long Shots or Wide Shots are often used to set the scene and provide the audience with a sense of the location's overall layout. By showing the subject in its environment, the shot helps viewers understand the physical space where the action takes place.

Emphasizing Setting and Context: Just like the Extreme Long Shot (ELS) or Extreme Wide Shot (EWS), Long Shots or Wide Shots are valuable for emphasizing the significance of the location. Whether it's a bustling city, a serene countryside, or an imposing castle, this shot allows the audience to immerse themselves in the world of the film.

Portraying Interaction: Long Shots or Wide Shots can effectively capture interactions between characters within the context of the environment. It showcases the characters' movements, spatial relationships, and actions within the larger frame.

Conveying Mood and Atmosphere: This shot can also contribute to the mood and atmosphere of a scene. For example, a vast and open landscape in a Wide Shot might evoke a sense of freedom and tranquility, while a crowded city street can convey a feeling of hustle and bustle.

Source and licence

Text adapted from Movie Making Manual/Cinematography/Shot Sizes by Wikibooks contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0. Paragraphs have been selected and abridged, and formatting adjusted. This adapted text is shared under the same licence. Contributor history.