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Fernando Pessoa: Biography, Facts and Career

Who is Fernando Pessoa? An evergreen, sourced profile: biography, key facts and career.

By the Pop Culture Files editorial team4 min read✓ Fact-checked
Fernando Pessoa
S.A. e Maria José de Lencastre via Wikimedia Commons · Public domain

Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (; Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888–30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, and publisher. He has been described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese literature. He also wrote in and translated from English and French. Pessoa was a prolific writer both in his own name and approximately seventy-five other names, of which three stand out: Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis. He did not define these as pseudonyms because he felt that this did not capture their true independent intellectual life and instead called them heteronyms, a term he invented. These imaginary figures sometimes held unpopular or extreme views.

Quick facts about Fernando Pessoa

  • Full name: Fernando Pessoa
  • Born: 1888-06-13
  • Nationality: Portugal
  • Known as: Author
  • Wikidata ID: Q173481

Profile compiled from public Wikipedia and Wikidata data. Details can change over time.

Frequently asked questions

Who is Fernando Pessoa?

Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (; Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888–30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, and publisher.

What nationality is Fernando Pessoa?

Fernando Pessoa is Portugal.

When was Fernando Pessoa born?

Fernando Pessoa was born on 1888-06-13.

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