Pax with Christ Appearing to the Apostles (late 1500s): Art, History and Details

Pax with Christ Appearing to the Apostles (late 1500s) is in the Cleveland Museum of Art collection. The museum's creator attribution is Valerio Belli (Italian, c. 1468–1546).

The work and its context

The museum's open-access catalogue describes the work:

A pax is a tablet depicting a sacred subject that a priest held out to be kissed during the Mass. The scene on this tablet is of Christ preaching to ten apostles. The image is by an unknown artist who based it on a plaquette by the gem engraver and medalist Valerio Belli (1468–1546) and demonstrates an awareness of linear perspective and scale conventions common in Renaissance Italy. The triumphal arch seen behind the figures, for example, contains coffering and Corinthian capitals that have been present in Italian art since the early 1400s. The arch itself is supported by columns in order to reveal the landscape behind it. The foliage seen at the top of the arch and at the figures' feet, however, is not present in the Belli and suggests the stylistic influence of northern Europe. The plaquette's gilding may have been intended to create painterly effects on a low-relief metal surface. The work is encased inside an ebony frame. The wood used for the frame—and the three putti heads it contains—suggests origins in southern Germany, possibly Nuremberg or Augsburg. The frame is also decorated with vine and floral patterns, which could originate in either medieval tapestries or northern European manuscripts.

Object facts

• Title: Pax with Christ Appearing to the Apostles
• Date: late 1500s
• Creator attribution: Valerio Belli (Italian, c. 1468–1546)
• Culture: Germany, late 16th century
• Type: Sculpture
• Technique: gilt bronze in ebony frame
• Dimensions: Overall: 21.2 x 15.2 x 6.5 cm (8 3/8 x 6 x 2 9/16 in.)
• Collection: Sculpture
• Department: European Painting and Sculpture
• Accession number: 1942.631

Collection credit

Bequest of John L. Severance

Further reading listed by the museum

• Catalogue of the John L. Severance Collection: Bequest of John L. Severance, 1936. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1942.

View the collection record

See the museum's photographs and full catalogue entry. Catalogue text is reproduced from the Cleveland Museum of Art's open-access data, with HTML formatting removed. This object and its supplied image are designated CC0.