Two Elephants Fighting in a Courtyard Before Muhammad Shah (c. 1730–40): Art, History and Details

Two Elephants Fighting in a Courtyard Before Muhammad Shah (c. 1730–40) is in the Cleveland Museum of Art collection. The museum's creator attribution is Nainsukh (Indian, 1710–1778).

The work and its context

The museum's open-access catalogue describes the work:

The Mughal emperor responsible for a revival of courtly arts and pastimes was Muhammad Shah (reigned 1719–48). This painting was made by an artist from a small kingdom in the western Himalayas who stayed at the Mughal court in Delhi and painted scenes of his experiences. Like his predecessors, Muhammad Shah enjoyed watching elephant fights. He is shown in his window of public audience, marked by a golden carpet, smoking a hookah. Women from his harem can be seen looking on from behind painted screens. Two pairs of men hold fire brands and spears to prevent the elephants from running off and to keep them under control. The intensity of the fight—captured at a moment when one mahout, or elephant trainer, has dropped his goad and is about to jump off—is augmented by the dense colors and forms in contrast to the otherwise pale planes, balanced only by the strip of palace windows.

Object facts

• Title: Two Elephants Fighting in a Courtyard Before Muhammad Shah
• Date: c. 1730–40
• Creator attribution: Nainsukh (Indian, 1710–1778)
• Culture: India, Guler school, 18th century
• Type: Painting
• Technique: Gum tempera and ink on paper
• Dimensions: Overall: 62.5 x 42 cm (24 5/8 x 16 9/16 in.)
• Collection: Indian Art
• Department: Indian and Southeast Asian Art
• Accession number: 2005.1.b

Collection credit

John L. Severance Fund

View the collection record

See the museum's photographs and full catalogue entry. Catalogue text is reproduced from the Cleveland Museum of Art's open-access data, with HTML formatting removed. This object and its supplied image are designated CC0.