Guardian Griffin (1150–1175): Art, History and Details

Guardian Griffin (1150–1175) is in the Cleveland Museum of Art collection.

The work and its context

The museum's open-access catalogue describes the work:

Griffins are fabled creatures that have the characteristics of an eagle and a lion--combining watchfulness and courage. In Christian art, the dual nature of the griffin was often used to signify that of Christ himself: divine (bird) and human (animal). Griffins were often used as guardian figures in church sculpture and were placed in portals and choir screens. The creatures seen here, with their inward-turning heads, were certainly used for such a purpose. When viewed from the front, one griffin may be seen protecting the figure of a knight between its paws, while the other griffin guards a calf. Their original function was probably to support the columns of a porch in front of a church doorway.

Object facts

• Title: Guardian Griffin
• Date: 1150–1175
• Culture: Northern Italy, Emilia, 12th century
• Type: Sculpture
• Technique: pink limestone (called "Verona Marble")
• Dimensions: Overall: 76.7 x 47.3 x 119.9 cm (30 3/16 x 18 5/8 x 47 3/16 in.)
• Collection: MED - Romanesque
• Department: Medieval Art
• Accession number: 1928.861.2

Collection credit

Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund

Further reading listed by the museum

• McClanan, Anne L. Griffinology: The Griffin’s Place in Myth, History and Art. London, UK: Reaktion Books Ltd, 2024.

View the collection record

See the museum's photographs and full catalogue entry. Catalogue text is reproduced from the Cleveland Museum of Art's open-access data, with HTML formatting removed. This object and its supplied image are designated CC0.