Sovereign: George III (obverse); St. George and the Dragon (reverse) (1817): Art, History and Details

Sovereign: George III (obverse); St. George and the Dragon (reverse) (1817) is in the Cleveland Museum of Art collection. The museum's creator attribution is Benedetto Pistrucci (Italian, 1784–1855).

The work and its context

The museum's open-access catalogue describes the work:

Great changes had occurred since King George III's previous coinage. The Royal Mint had moved out of the Tower of London to new premises in Little Tower Hill. The new mint was fitted with the latest steam-driven machinery by Boulton and Watt, and the whole coinage had been reformed. The guinea of twenty-one shillings was replaced by the sovereign, the pound unit piece, designed by Benedetto Pistrucci, and went into circulation in 1817. The new Royal Mint was placed under the Mastership of William Wellesley Pole, later Lord Maryborough and finally the third Earl of Mornington, an elder brother of the famous Duke of Wellington. Pole was so impressed by a cameo of Saint George and the dragon, cut by Pistrucci, that he invited the artist to England and set him to design the new coinage. For legal reasons Pistrucci could not be appointed chief engraver, which started a quarrel between the artist and the government that lasted nearly 40 years until the Pistrucci's death in 1855. Working with, and often against, various members of the family who held a succession of engraving appointments at the Royal Mint, Pistrucci produced the new coinage of the reign of George III. His magnificent Saint George, seen to its best on this very rare piece, continued to be used from time to time. It is still the reverse type of the British sovereign.

Object facts

• Title: Sovereign: George III (obverse); St. George and the Dragon (reverse)
• Date: 1817
• Creator attribution: Benedetto Pistrucci (Italian, 1784–1855)
• Culture: England, George III, 1760-1820
• Type: Coins
• Technique: gold
• Dimensions: Diameter: 2.2 cm (7/8 in.)
• Collection: MED - Numismatics
• Department: Medieval Art
• Accession number: 1969.212

A detail from the museum

Benedetto Pistrucci's portrait of the king is a caricature.

Collection credit

The Norweb Collection

Further reading listed by the museum

• Cleveland Museum of Art, and Emery May Norweb. English Gold Coins, Ancient to Modern Times, On Loan to the Cleveland Museum of Art from the Norweb Collection. [Catalog. 1968.

View the collection record

See the museum's photographs and full catalogue entry. Catalogue text is reproduced from the Cleveland Museum of Art's open-access data, with HTML formatting removed. This object and its supplied image are designated CC0.